• Add -er for comparative: tall → taller
• Add -est for superlative: tall → the tallest
• For adjectives ending in -y, change y to i and add -er/-est: happy → happier → happiest
• For CVC words, double the last consonant: big → bigger → biggest
2. Long Adjectives (2+ syllables)
• Use more for comparative: beautiful → more beautiful
• Use most for superlative: beautiful → the most beautiful
• Exceptions: two-syllable adjectives ending in -y, -le, -ow, -er can use -er/-est (happy, gentle, narrow, clever)
3. Irregular Forms
good → better → best
bad → worse → worst
far → farther/further → farthest/furthest
little → less → least
many/much → more → most